• Computer glossary - C

    by
    computerguru
    Published on 01-26-2010 09:35 AM

    Cache—asmallmemorysection.

    Cartrige — a disposable ink (powder) source in a jet or laser printer.

    Cavity — a method applied by certain viruses and worms for creating obstacles in their detection. When used it does not alter the file size (viruses cover only the empty cells of the infected file).

    CD-R (Compact Disk-Recordable) — CD and drives standard enabling both reading and single-shot data recording on a CD. CD-R discs can be read with any CD-ROM drive, but can be recorded-on only by special CD-R, CD-RW drives and DVD recorder drives.

    CD-ROM (CompactDiskReadOnlyMemory) — datatype ‘readonly’, storedonalaserCD. The term notions the data laser CD itself (capacity up to 700 MB), and the CD reader drive as well.

    CD-RW (CompactDiskRe-Writable) — CDanddrivesstandardenablingbothreadingandmultipledatarecordingonaCD.

    Chat / Chat IRC / Chat ICQ — online written conversations via Internet.

    Client — IT system (computer), inquiring certain services or resources from another PC (server) it is linked with by a network.

    Cluster—group of serial disc sectors.

    CMOS (ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor) — memorysectionstoringtheinformationandprogramsnecessaryforsystem (BIOS) load.

    Code—virusfilecontent – theviruscodewritteninaspecificprogramlanguage. Thistermisalsorelatedtoinformationencodingandrepresentation. содержимое файлов вируса – вирусный код, написанный определенным языком программирования. Также это термин может относиться к представлению и кодированию информации. In a narrow sense, a code is a set of instructions or a pattern of symbols having values within the system.

    Codec — codec, a shortening of ‘encoder/decoder’. A software or hardware device responsible for digital signals processing and their transition into analogue ones. For instance, a codec may enable compression and decompression of sound, image, video information, etc.

    Companion virus / Spawning— a type of viruses which do not incorporate themselves in a program’s body, but attach to it.

    COM-port — communication, serialport – aconnectorontherearcomputerpanel. Typically, there are two of them – the 9- and the 25-pin ones, a mouse is connected to them (in old machines), as well as the external modem .

    Compressed / Compress / Compression / Decompress — files or file groups compressing into another file to use less space.

    Controllers — devices responsible for a certain operation cycle, sometimes – intermediates between the system bus and the devices connected to the controller.

    Cookie — a text file sometimes sent to a user who visited some web page, for the purposes of the visit registration on the page and insertion of definite information about that.

    Cooler — a fan used for the processor and the video card cooling.

    CRC (CRC number or code) — a unique digital code assigned to files and utilized as a file ID-number.

    Crimeware — programs, messages and documents used directly or indirectly for purposes of financial profit gaining at the expense of an attacked user or third parties.

    СР/М (Control Program for Microcomputers) — one of the first operating systems created for PC by Digital Research corporation.

    CPU (Central Processor Unit) — machine instructions executor, a part of hardware or a programmable logic controller responsible for execution of operations set by programs.

    CVP (Content Vectoring Protocol) — a protocol designed in 1996 by Check Point Software enabling the antivirus protection to be integrated into the firewall server.

    Cylinder — disc section which can be used during a single operation.